9^th International Conference on Optics, Photonics & Lasers July 02-04, 2018 Berlin, Germany

Biography:

Cheng Yan Gao is a first year PhD candidate in Department of Physics at Beijing Normal University, P R China. She majors in quantum optics and quantum communication and she is interested in quantum communication theory, quantum error correction and quantum repeater. In 2017, she published two papers on quantum error correction as the first author; one was published in Quantum Information Processing and the other was published in the Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics.

Abstract:

Entanglement, the quintessential quantum correlations between two quantum systems, has been widely used in quantum communication over the past decades. The distribution of entanglement is a crucial module in many quantum information processing protocols. However, in a practical transmission, entanglement is easily influenced by the noise in quantum channel, which will turn the maximally entangled state into a mixed state. To overcome the influence from channel noise, we present a self-error-correction hyperentanglement distribution scheme for three-photon system in both spatial and polarization degrees of freedom with linear optical elements and Pockel cells.  In our scheme, the three-photon system is initially prepared in a spatial-polarization hyperentangled state and subsequently encoded into time-bin entangled state which is rather robust and hard to be affected by the channel noise. After transmitting over the noisy channels, the time-bin entanglement is transformed into spatial-polarization hyperentanglement. Thus, with our scheme, the parties in quantum communication can share maximally hyperentangled states in spatial and polarized degrees of freedom with the success probability of 100% in principle.

Biography:

Christoph Zesch is a PhD student at the University of Rome Tor Vergata and works as a Scientific Employee at the Technical University of Applied Sciences Wildau and the Technical University Berlin. He received the Master of Engineering at the Technical University of Applied Sciences Wildau in 2017. His expertise is in Nonlinear Optics and Laser Spectroscopy especially in stimulated Raman scattering and solid state Raman lasers and amplifiers.

Abstract:

Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) is a third-order nonlinear optical effect and has been observed in more than 120 crystals which we pumped using pulsed Nd:YAG lasers at 1064 nm, 532 nm or 355 nm wavelength. More than 2000 SRS lines have been observed covering the spectral region from 300 nm to 3500 nm. Frequency conversion by SRS has been established as a versatile method to produce laser radiation at specific wavelengths which cannot be obtained with conventional laser materials. Prominent Raman crystals include BaNO₃ and other nitrates, KGW and other tungstates, YVO₄ and other vanadates as well as diamond. These crystals exhibit lattice vibrations with wave numbers from 80 cm^-1 to 3150 cm^-1 shifting the incident laser wavelength to higher or lower values. Recently, we observed SRS in the natural crystal spodumene (α-LiAlSi₂O₆) and in LuAlO₃. Moreover, generation of wide frequency combs via SRS, with equidistant lines in the frequency domain, has opened a new path of research on ultrashort pulse synthesis. Efficient amplification of a specific Raman frequency component is possible by placing the Raman crystal into a frequency-selective optical resonator. This configuration strongly decreases the SRS threshold and results in low-divergent laser radiation at the desired wavelength. Raman lasers can be used in many applications, e.g. differential absorption LIDAR systems (DIAL, light detection and ranging) to detect trace gases like carbon dioxide or ozone. Following this approach, a substantial extension of the spectral coverage by solid-state lasers has been achieved over the last five decades. Various pumping schemes and resonator designs have been investigated focusing on good conversion efficiency, high spatial beam quality and high pulse energy of the output beam.

Biography:

Wei Jaing is a Doctoral student of Physics Department, Beijing Normal University. He has graduated from Central South University and has got a Bachelor's degree of Electronic Information Engineering. His research field is non-Markovian effect in quantum optics.

Abstract:

In the past two decades, entanglement has attracted much attention continuously for its potential use as the key resource of quantum computation and quantum information. Due to decoherence of a system coupling to its environment or bath, entanglement degradation is unavoidable. In this work we investigate the entanglement dynamics of two two-state quantum systems coupling to a Bosonic mode and a common structured bath. Here the Bosonic mode, which is resonantly driven by a classical filed and heavily damped by a broadband reservoir, acts as a probe resonator for the use of continuous quantum measurement feedback, and the bath has one of three different structures characterized by the Ohmic types of spectral densities. We proceed by using hierarchical equations of motion (HEOM) approach. We present the master equation of the reduced density matrix for the system investigated and, accordingly, the HEOM for auxiliary operators. The HEOM calculation shows that the quantum measurement feedback plays a positive role in the entanglement generation, and the non-Markovian effect of the bath could greatly enhances this action, increasing the entanglement by 50% in the case of, for example, the Ohmic bath. We reveal in detail the dependence of the scheme performance on the spectral density parameters, the temperature of the bath, and the measurement feedback. The numerical results are obtained with the HEOM truncated at the 3^rd order, which are equal to those obtained with the 6^th order perturbation theory.

Biography:

Ming Li is a first year PhD candidate from Department of Physics in Beijing Normal University (BNU) Beijing, China. His major is quantum optics and he is interested in the field of superconducting circuit quantum electromagnetic dynamics and its applications in quantum computation. He has conducted some preliminary research studies on the dynamical Casimir effect induced by fast-tuned boundary conditions, which can be easily implemented in superconducting circuit platform.                                                      

Abstract:

We propose a multi-resonator superconducting circuit to create the entanglement state between resonators which are specially arranged. One high-frequency resonator is placed in the middle working as a quantum bus and has two superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) ends which function as effective boundaries. The other two resonators are vertically placed on sides and the magnetic flux created by these two resonators modulates the boundaries of the middle resonator, which in turn creates a nonlinear interaction between resonators. This coupling introduces opto-mechanical type Hamiltonian terms which can be used to generate a Bell state between two high-quality resonators with fidelity of 99.2% for practical parameters. The strength of the opto-mechanical terms is tunable, which meets the cure to the crosstalk in quantum computing and allows the possibility of large-scale integration of resonators and all-resonator quantum computing.

Biography:

Dun Liu is a PhD student at the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences. In 2013, he received his Bachelor's degree at Wuhan University. He has been conducting the research of diffractive telescope technology at the Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, from 2013 till now. His current research interests include optical design, stray light analysis and test.

Abstract:

For space telescopes with large apertures and light-weight, phase-type Fresnel lenses has been proposed to replace the primary mirror. However, the diffraction efficiency of 2-level phase-type Fresnel lenses fabricated by binary optics technology can only achieve 40.5% and 81% for 4-level. The non design orders diffractive light may affect the modulation transfer function (MTF) of diffractive imaging system. In this paper, the wave propagation method was used to simulate the propagation of diffractive light. By coherent superposition of finite diffractive waves, the point spread function (PSF) was calculated at several signal wavelength which evenly covers the spectral range of system. The Fourier transform of the PSF was MTF. The MTFs of an 80 mm diffractive imaging system were analyzed when the number of Fresnel primary lens' level was 2, 4 and 8. The MTF decreased at low frequency with 2-level Fresnel primary lens and the biggest decrease was 6.6%. The deviation from the design value is less than 0.5% when the level is 4 and 8. The results show that the effect of diffractive stray light on the MTF of the system decreases with the increase of the number of level. During the analysis, we found that only the incident light illuminating the primary lens’s central area can directly attach the image plane by non design diffractive orders. So, a hybrid-level Fresnel lens was put forward to reduce the effect of diffractive stray light. The MTF increased apparently after optimized and was close to the design value.

Biography:

Peng Liang Guo is a second year PhD student in Department of Physics at Beijing Normal University, P R China. Her research direction is Quantum Optics. She focuses on quantum state error rejection transmission and experimental technologies in quantum information process.

Abstract:

Entanglement is a very important quantum resource in quantum communication, which guarantees the security of communication and has many important applications in quantum communication, such as quantum key distribution, quantum teleportation, and quantum dense coding. We demonstrated a theoretical entanglement state transmission scheme using time-bin operations. The scheme is robust against the instability of the reference frame between two parties, and can be extended to Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states without shared reference frame (SRF). When Pockels cells are used in the scheme, the success probability can be improved to 100%. The entanglement states are shared between many parties with no shared reference frame, which is significant for quantum communication and the construction of a long-distance communication networks.

Biography:

Shuang Wu obtained his BS degree at MinZu University in China in 2014. Now he is a PhD student in Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, China. His current research focuses on quantum imaging.

Abstract:

In classical optics, Young’s double-slit experiment with colored coherent light gives rise to individual interference fringes for each light frequency, referring to single-photon interference. However, two- photon double-slit interference has been widely studied only for wavelength-degenerate biphoton, known as subwavelength quantum lithography. In this work, we report double-slit interference experiments with two-color biphoton. Different from the degenerate case, the experimental results depend on the measurement methods. From a two-axis coincidence measurement pattern we can extract complete interference information about two colors. The conceptual model provides an intuitional picture of the in-phase and out-of-phase photon correlations and a complete quantum understanding about the which-path information of two colored photons.

Biography:

Shan Shan Chen is a graduate student in grade two of Physics Department, Beijing Normal University. Her research field is quantum information and quantum computation.

Abstract:

The non-adiabatic holonomic quantum computation (NHQC) attracts widespread attention in recent years because of its advantage of fast and robustness. It has been realized based on physical systems including superconducting circuits, NMR, and nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond. In this work we propose the first scheme to achieve the NHQC based on an optomechanical system (OS). This OS is composed of two optical cavities coupling to a mechanical oscillator as shown by figure 1. Our NHQC includes single-qubit noncommute NOT gate, phase gate and Hadamard gate, which are obtained in the computational basis of the single excited states of the OS. With these universal quantum gates, we can also achieve the quantum state transfer and the entanglement generation between two cavity-modes. We discuss the corresponding experimental parameters and the fidelity of the scheme with imperfection by numerical simulation. Our scheme is of all the good properties of the NHQC based on a quantum system, such as the built-in noise-resilience, faster operation, less decoherence and non-requirement for the resource and time to remove the dynamical phases. It provides a prototype of quantum gates realized with the mechanical motion degree of freedom. OSs can serve as important platforms for generating various quantum effects in the systems ranging from quantum to classical ones, and our scheme is such an example in quantum computation and quantum information processing.

Biography:

Rosa Ana Perez Herrera received the Telecommunications Engineering degree from the University of Cantabria, Spain, in 2004. In 2005 she joined the Optical Communications Group at the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering of the Public University of Navarra (Pamplona, Spain). In 2010 she obtained her PhD degree from the Public University of Navarra, Spain. Her research interests are in Raman amplifiers, erbium-doped amplifiers, fiber-optic sensors and multiplexing architectures. She has co-authored more than 70 papers, presented in conferences and scientific journals.

Abstract:

As it is well known, optical fiber lasers can be used as sensor elements on their own, which offer new possibilities for developing high-performance sensors with compact size when needed and reduced complexity. A number of distributed and point optical fiber lasers can be developed for different sensing applications depending on the technology used to generate the laser and also depending on the physical or chemical parameter under evaluation. On the other hand, optical fiber laser sensors are some of the most reliable and robust laser systems. Taking care of the design and manufacturing process required to guarantee a high level of reliability, inhospitable environments can be easily monitored even when they operate in such harsh conditions such as sensing in high-voltage or high-power machinery, or in explosive environments. Also, the increasing interest about structural health monitoring systems has helped to raise the development of novel optical fiber laser technologies for sensing applications. More and more lately developed fiber technologies bring a superior performance to fiber-optic sensing networks. Tunable FBG-based laser interrogators implemented by several kinds of fiber laser systems, such as novel Fourier domain mode locking fiber lasers, or those based on random lasers implemented by means of Raman amplification or even erbium doped fiber amplifiers, have been demonstrated, both theoretical and experimentally, to be a good option to develop new optical fiber laser for sensing applications. In this work, the uses of some advanced photonic technologies that include fiber laser technologies, among others, for fiber sensing applications are presented.

Biography:

A Merten received his Diploma-degree in Physics from Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena (Germany) in 2003. Following he was a PhD student at Institute of Environmental Physics in Heidelberg and worked on differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) of atmospheric trace gases.  Afterwards he joined the Institute of Applied Photo Physics (IAPP) at the Technical University in Dresden and worked on the optical simulation and characterization of thin film organic solar cells. He joined the Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems (IPMS) in 2012 and is working on the opto-mechanical system design of miniaturized projectors and 3D-LIDAR cams involving MEMS scanners as well on the optical characterization of MEMS based scanner mirrors.

Abstract:

Broadband tuning of MIR-infrared radiation from 3 to 10 µm is a very promising way for spectroscopic study of gaseous, liquid, or solid species or intermixtures. We report a fast broadband tunable IR-light source based on the combination of a quantum-cascade-laser and a micro-opto-electro-mechanical systems (MOEMS) with integrated diffractive grating. This concept unites the advantages of broadband sources with the advantages of coherent laser sources in a miniaturized setup. The diffraction grating is processed inline within the MOEMS production process by non-isotropic etching. Grove depth and thus maximum spectral diffraction efficiency is determined by lithographic mask and the etch-parameters. The scanning MOEMS-grating is driven electrostatically and oscillates with high repeatability at resonance frequency of 1 kHz and up to 10° deflection, which allows scanning the entire spectral range of the QCL-chip within 500 µs. This opens the way for real-time spectroscopy in the MID-IR range. We present applications in non-contact detection of hazardous species e.g. explosives and inline-detection oil contamination in water.

Biography:

Birger Seifert is an expert in the field of ultrashort light pulse characterization and his Doctor thesis was focused on this topic. He has in depth knowledge of the state of the art optical methods for the characterization of ultrashort light pulses, and the precluding background to the present status. In 2006 he invented and patented the dual spectrogram method known as very advanced method for phase and intensity retrieval of e-fields (VAMPIRE). He also works in quantum optics generating squeezed light, exploring quantum-well structures and quantum dots and measuring the coherent secondary emission from excitons bringing new insight about the decoherence processes in semiconductors.

Abstract:

In this work a fully analytic ultrashort pulse reconstruction technique which can be used to characterize two different ultrashort pulses of different center wavelengths and spectral ranges is presented. The proposed non-interferometric spectrographic reconstruction method is not based on an iterative Fourier transform algorithm or an ill-posed inversion problem in general, and the experimental setup is a simplified version of a dual spectrogram method known as ‘very advanced method for phase and intensity retrieval of e-fields’ (VAMPIRE). By using a dispersive element within the VAMPIRE setup, as shown in figure 1, which exhibits close to quadratic dispersion over a wide spectral range a mathematical approach can be borrowed from tomographic pulse reconstruction methods and used to reconstruct pulses from spectrographic information. The particular dispersive element used is BaF₂ which exhibits a near quadratic spectral dispersion over the spectral range 200 to 1200 nm. Where the spectral dispersion is near quadratic the conditions for a tomographic approach to reconstruction are satisfied. Both spectrograms are thus related mathematically by the well-defined dispersive properties of BaF₂. Wigner-Ville function projections are used to extract spectral phase information present in both spectrograms. Thus, the uniqueness conditions of the reconstructions can be discussed and justified mathematically. This is an important feature of the here proposed method, compared to previous versions of VAMPIRE. From our results we can demonstrate an analytic, fast, and simplified spectrographic pulse reconstruction method.

Biography:

Gohar Tsakanova, PhD is a Senior Researcher and Deputy Director in the Institute of Molecular Biology NAS RA (National Academy of Sciences of Republic of Armenia). She has an extensive international experience having been invited to be trained or conduct research at prominent academic institutions in Germany, Denmark, Switzerland, Belgium and Hungary. She has also teaching experience having lectures on Proteomics and Protein Engineering Master Courses at the International Scientific-Educational Center NAS RA and Russian-Armenian University from 2013. Her primary work is related with the molecular and cellular pathomechanisms of ischemic stroke, aging and cancer, with the focus on immunology, genomics, neurobiology and two-photon imaging.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: The non-controlled accumulation of oxidative damage is one of the crucial mechanisms of the aging process. Antioxidant defense is the main mechanism controlling the over generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) thereby protecting the organism against oxidative damage. Nowadays, finding of natural compounds protecting different cell types against oxidative stress is of most importance. From this perspective, Helix pomatia snails can be considered as such protecting compounds due to their well-developed strategy of defence against oxidative injury.

Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: In total, 30 healthy volunteers (25-35 years young age group, male/female, 5/5; 45-55 years middle-aged group, male/female: 5/5; 65> years older-aged group, male/female: 5/5) were involved in this study. The albumen gland extract was isolated from 40 adult specimens of snails. After the generation of an in vitro model of oxidative stress the intracellular ROS were monitored in human red blood cells (RBCs) with and without albumen gland extract by two-photon laser scanning fluorescence microscopy using a ROS-sensitive, membrane-permeable fluorescent dye, 5(6)-carboxy-2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (carboxy-DCFDA).

Findings: According to the results obtained, Helix pomatia snails albumen gland extract significantly (P<0.05) reduces the oxidative stress not only in intact RBCs from the older-aged group, but also in RBCs from this group exposed to additional in vitro oxidative stress.

Conclusion & Significance: In conclusion, the snail’s albumen gland protein extract effectively prevents the generation of intracellular ROS thereby demonstrating powerful antioxidant properties, and possesses a protecting effect against aging-generated ROS in human RBCs. And finally, the snail’s albumen gland protein extract can be considered as harmless and effective natural antioxidative means in prevention of the aging-related pathological processes associated with OS.

Biography:

Abstract:

The shipbuilding industry requires high-performance production technologies for the heavy gauges. One of the key tasks in advancing of hull production technology is a minimization of welding deformations and simultaneous provision of high production performance. Anarc augmented laser-arc welding technology which provides higher productivity, improvement of production effectiveness and reliable quality of welded joints is the most promising technology for this task. Results of welding process simulation and experimental researches fulfilled on the preproduction models of technological complexes developed by JSC SSTC (based on fiber lasers up to 25 kW power) are presented. The welding technological processes for shipbuilding steels 7-40 mm thickness in various spatial positions were designed (including approved by qualification agency Russian Maritime Register of Shipping (RMRS)). Implementation of arc augmented laser technology for complex hull structures production allows to achieve a new level of productivity and manufacturing of structures in modern shipbuilding.

Biography:

Manuel I Marqués obtained his BA in Physics at Universidad Complutense de Madrid in 1995 and was awarded with an extraordinary PhD prize in Physics at Universidad Autónoma de Madrid in 2000 under the supervision of Prof. Julio Gonzalo. He is a Fulbright fellow at Boston University from 2001 to 2003 where he performed a Postdoctoral research in the group of Prof. Gene Stanley. In 2003 he was awarded with a Ramón y Cajal appointment at the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. He is now an Associate Professor in the Material Physics Department and Member of the Institute of Condensed Matter Physics (IFIMAC). His research interests are mainly focused on phase transitions and light matter interactions. He has coauthored more than 80 scientific articles with more than 1100 citations.

Abstract:

Fluctuating isotropic electromagnetic fields are obtained by considering a group of plane waves with wave vectors, polarizations and phases randomly distributed and fluctuating on time. Due to the isotropic character of this electromagnetic field, the optical force induced on a nanoparticle is, in average, equal to zero. However, the dynamics of electric dipoles on these kind of systems are far from being trivial. Due to the nonzero value of the optical force fluctuations, super diffusive, diffusive and accelerated regimens are induced on a single dipole. In this work, the expressions for the random force fluctuations, the optical drag force, the equilibrium kinetic energy and mean square displacement are derived. The conditions to be fulfilled by the polarizability of the dipole in order to obtain a positive, a null, and a negative drag coefficient are analytically determined and checked against numerical simulations for the dynamics of a silver nanoparticle.

Biography:

Guy Stéphan is a Professor at the ILM in the Materials and Photonic Nanostructures team. He received his PhD in Physics from the University of Lyon in 1995. His area of expertise is light matter interaction, rare earth spectroscopy, planar waveguides and chiral spectroscopies. He manages the chirality thematics of the MNP team. To date, he has co-authored 55 publications, his research in the field of chiroptic guides led to the first publication showing the control of polarization via chirality in waveguides.

Abstract:

Transverse polarizations in planar optical waveguides are reduced to the two well-known linear TE and TM polarizations. As a consequence, any set-up requiring other polarizations, especially the circular polarization (chiral sensing, 3D-display, quantum optics...), cannot take the full advantage of integrated optics. Here we report on the first achievement of planar optical chirowaveguides capable of propagating any expected state of polarization. While keeping the planar geometry of the device, the planar symmetry is overcome by using a chiral material for the guiding core. We developed chiral organically modified silica (OrMoSil) based chirowaveguides using the simple dip coating technique. Their refractive indexes (RI) can be modulated by triethoxysilane doping. The polarization of the two fundamental guided modes is measured on 3 cm long waveguides. We demonstrated that the polarization can be varied from linear to nearly circular depending on the RI contrast and the core thickness. These unprecedented achievements allow additional possibilities to planar waveguides that can give rise to novel highly integrated photonic devices based on circularly polarized light propagation.

Biography:

Tina Matzat is an independent filmmaker and founder of Qbit Films – a production company based in Berlin. While studying information sciences in Potsdam, she was confronted with the limitations of artificial intelligence and the implications of model and system theory – topics that found their way back into her writing while working on the current project '3025' – a metaphysical sci-fi script set in a futuristic world based on the principles of quantum physics and beyond.

Abstract:

The main problem the protagonists in the science fiction film '3025' are facing is the same that A.I. researchers are facing which is also the main problem of system theory: Would it be possible to create / exist outside the box? So the idea of free will and the power of consciousness are the main themes. After all, in a system where consciousness creates matter, everything that is thinkable is possible and the system (the human) should be able to emancipate from its original source. As a basis for this futuristic world the film offers various theoretical explanations about the beginning of our universe, humanity's origin, evolution and purpose, the nature and fabric of our reality, black and white holes, quantum entanglement, decoherence and indeterminism – inspired by (meta)physics and quantum sciences.